![]() Most synthetically produced organic compounds are ultimately derived from petrochemicals consisting mainly of hydrocarbons, which are themselves formed from the high pressure and temperature degradation of organic matter underground over geological timescales. Living things incorporate inorganic carbon into organic compounds through a network of processes (the carbon cycle) that begins with the conversion of carbon dioxide and a hydrogen source like water into simple sugars and other organic molecules by autotrophic organisms using light (photosynthesis) or other sources of energy. ![]() ![]() Īlthough organic compounds make up only a small percentage of the Earth's crust, they are of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds. ![]() No consensus exists among chemists on precisely which carbon-containing compounds are excluded, making the definition of an organic compound elusive. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonates and cyanides), along with a handful of other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide), are not classified as organic compounds and are considered inorganic. Study of the properties and synthesis of organic compounds is the discipline known as organic chemistry. Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon. Methane, CH 4 it is one of the simplest organic compounds.
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